Politics

Culture, revolutions and coups

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M. Bitar Rupa Mansour:

  
Therكاريكاتير الثورة – الثورة نتthere is no doubt that the developments in the twentieth century led to a good change from the authorities in the Arab region, butthese developments were not able to affect the collective awareness, and the collective awareness was not affected by them, from here it can be said that these movements, which were one of the beginnings in Egypt in 1953, were not the reality of revolutions, but military coups dedicated to changing an authority, we oppress the putschists when we ask them more.
There is no doubt that the collective consciousness has changed and developed in recent decades, not at the hands of the putschists, but at the hands of new technologies in the media, techniques that have contributed greatly to psychological liberation from tyranny, this liberation could not be born under the whip of the old tyrant, nor under the whip of the new tyrant, who called himself a revolutionary and his movement the name of a revolution.
That rebel and his revolution changed only the name of the tyrant, the poets of the court remained as they were, and even the old vocabulary found a use of them in the new regimes, such as Father Anwar Sadat, and the brother Colonel Muammar, and then the achievements of the leading party in confronting the conspiracies of colonialism … etc., Corruption and flattery remained for the new tyrant as it was, and the team of privileges remained in the same way, the authority of the verses remained, but the frequency of their use increased, because the revolutionary master was only a fundamentalist convinced by a revolutionary mask, so there were alliances between these authorities “revolutionary”!, and between religious fundamentalism, the relationship between religious fundamentalism and the authoritarians between the new coup between harmony and conflict at other times, here is Abdel Nasser enters into Egyptian law all that the Brotherhood wanted in the same year as the one who was executed by Sayyid Qutb.
The collective awareness has changed sharply under the influence of modern media techniques, here is secularism at a age not exceeding thirty years in this region threatens fundamentalism with a age of more than decades, here is the layer of tile poets turning into a clown tigress, here is the authority of verses and clerics collapse and turn into folkloric links, who wants to accomplish all these developments and many others within 24 hours will fail, because the completion of those great tasks in a short time is impossible.
The careful and in-depth view of the situation in general reveals the birth of a new thought, a thought that is still in the stage of childhood, sometimes faltering, which suggests to the pessimistic observer the absence of a new thought, the superficial thought is not familiar with the mechanisms of history and its rapid developments, which the urgent individual perceives as an absolute stillness, imagines who is waiting for the social developments of the peoples the mechanism of the magic wand, the revolutions do not take place with the fermentations and wishes, who is waiting for the revolution to change the consciousness to be patient, when asked Chinese Prime Minister Xu Nlai about the French Revolution said “It is still early to judge this revolution” That statement was hundreds of years after the outbreak of the French Revolution.

Some claim that the reason for the failure of some Arab revolutions is due to the lack of specific leaders of these revolutions, while we believe the opposite, the rejection of the personality of the inspiring leader is in itself a successful revolution, it is a profound moral achievement, it is a liberation from the inspiring individual model and the sole leader, it is an impregnation against the regression of the dictatorship, which is regressed even by many real revolutionaries such as Castro!.

In the new cultural context, which is based on informatics and social communication, the attitudes of intellectuals towards the subject of society and then revolutions and coups can be divided into three sections:
First, the intellectual of power, whose personal interests are linked to power, defends power until the privileges are drained and stopped, here this intellectual restricts himself to a parrot caracture scene, echoing the official version of power, which did not see in the movements of peoples a revolution but a conspiracy, here the relinquishment of the power of the system of knowledge in the investigation of the truth and victory of the principles of freedom, and engaged in the game of clientelism of power, any transformation into a wage-earner of power only practices fabrication and puncture in exchange for privileges, and thus automatically loses its legitimacy and credibility.

Second, the critical intellectual, qualified by virtue of his critical knowledge experience to abide by his duties as a citizen who defends freedom and social justice, this intellectual has always defended the revolutionary thought of change and enlightenment and the legitimacy of the revolution of change and development and contributed to confronting reaction and heritage and fighting the occupation of the past to the present, i.e. confronting the culture of death and defending the culture of life.

Thirdly, there is the field collective intellectual, whose activity does not determine the ideology of any theory and does not separate between the theoretical and practical or between the elites and the people, and between the citizen and the thinker, the collective intellectual is dynamic and rational, and then it is practical and does not determine its activity with a specific partisan program, it is generally the voice of the voiceless!.

There is also the academic intellectual, who deprives knowledge of the historical context, and who in addition to the academic degree has a mental integration and a critical ability, and establishes a buffer zone between knowledge, politics and history, this model is based on dialectics, i.e., the controversy based on an imaginary logic sometimes because it is considered a field of knowledge closed, independent and isolated from the dynamics of reality, this model ends with the abolition of the mind of society in favor of an independent and isolated elite mind in an ivory tower.

We think that the most important form of the intellectual and culture is the organic intellectual with an international conscience in the first place, we will only mention here the names of some organic intellectuals in order to bring the idea of the organic intellectual closer to the reader, first was Gramsci the first organic intellectual, Jean-Paul Sartre was an organic intellectual as well as Hisham Shrey and Edward Said and many others, we will provide in the coming days a detailed explanation of some of the forms of culture and intellectuals, especially the organic intellectual ..!

  

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