Samir Sadik, Ruba Mansour:

   Global movements found it   for humanity to have a kind of reference point to which it could return in some cases of conflict between people, as there are many differences between countries and peoples, which in many cases have led to disturbances, wars, destruction and death, Therefore, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 was based essentially on the realization of the existence of differences between people, and these differences between the nature of one human being and the nature of another human being may lead to crisis and to the production of a problem,Therefore, a reference point was found to be used for arbitration and return to in these cases, meaning that the essence here was organizational, that is, organizing the management of pluralism among people.

There is another declaration of human rights, the Islamic Declaration of Human Rights, which differs from the universal declaration in essence, While the essence of the universal declaration is the recognition of difference and the necessity of preserving pluralism among humankind, the essence of the religious declaration is different, It is a derogatory essence, explained by many jurists, including one of the most enlightened and insightful, Ghannouchi, who considered man an inherently deficient being, constantly oscillating between good and evil,Thus, he deemed him incapable and deficient in producing anything useful, such as the ability to control and manage himself, Much jihadist aggression is expected of this creature, meaning that his clashes are inevitable and eternal, This deficient, hostile human being does not know reconciliation with himself or others, because the religion in question finds no possibility of reconciliation with others except through domination, as it depends on the victory of the supreme, heavenly conqueror, In short, from a religious perspective, man is considered inherently sinful and constantly exist in a state of perpetual degradation, Here, we are astonished by the Creator’s claim that He created religious man in the best image and considered him among The best of mankind, the best of nations, then He appointed him as His successor on Earth, Is it reasonable that the Almighty would appoint creatures of this imperfect kind as His successors on Earth? The Creator has presented strange and wondrous paradoxes in this regard, so we cannot consider these paradoxes to be of divine origin, that is, they are the work of an ignorant human being.

In short, the difference between the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 and the Islamic Declaration was fundamental, The Universal Declaration considered man to be good in his nature, while the Islamic Declaration considered him to be evil in his nature, That is, the difference lies in the view of human nature: there is an organizational view and there is a contemptuous religious view, The difference in essence did not have a major impact on the situation in the world, because the Universal Declaration was universal, while the Islamic Declaration was local and not recognized by international courts and other international bodies, The entities called states that recognized the religious declaration had previously recognized the Universal Declaration, meaning that the recognition of the religious declaration was a formal recognition, Moreover, the entities that recognized the religious declaration were not among the important influential states in the world, They were mostly rogue, corrupt dictatorial entities that did not meet the conditions of a state that were discussed in a famous lecture by the former British Foreign Secretary, “Straw,” several years ago, which were adopted by the United Nations and added two other conditions to them.

The religious declaration differs greatly from the universal one, The second article of this declaration says that man is born free and there is no slavery except to God, or to those who represent God on earth, God’s representatives on earth are humans, meaning that the slave and the enslaved are human beings, It is not permissible here to say that God is the enslaver, The matter is not that clear, as the issue of man being born free or shackled has been the subject of long discussions since Plato and Socrates, In short, we see that man is born as a blank page and after his birth he may become free or become a slave.

The contradiction in Article Two of the religious declaration stems from the belief that man is born free but also a slave, There is no difference here between slavery to the unseen or slavery to any other enslaver, Slavery to God is nothing but a fabrication, for slavery is not to God but to the men of God from among the jurists, As for Article Five, it rejects everything outside of the Sharia, that is, the tyranny of the Sharia and the disappearance of man, There is no freedom of opinion or opposition, Freedom of opinion is the freedom of opinion of the “Sharia” with its primary approved sources, and it is the sole reference for interpreting and clarifying any of the articles of this document, In case of disagreement, one refers to the learned people from among the jurists.

Ghannouchi, as can be inferred from any Wahhabi, sees the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as containing secular “features,” or features of a human religion based on the primacy of man in existence and on his making any legislation that suits him, while the religious conception is keen to link all values ​​to the law of God, whom they consider the creator and owner of his creatures, Here the Muhammadan declaration clashes with man, who is considered subservient, for man is in reality the owner of his body and mind, and has no need for any legislation from outside his mind and will, and working with the legislations of the jurists transmitted from the prophets and angels has had nothing but disastrous results, no recognition of a law or legislation that is not made by the human mind, and the religious man is a lost creature who needs help to return him to the path of humane life.

The Universal Declaration carries within it secular “features,” or features of a human religion based on the primacy of man in existence and his being the source of all right and legislation, while the Islamist conception emphasizes the connection of all values ​​and their dependence on the source from which beings derive their existence, their purpose and their way of life, which is God, He alone is the Creator and Owner of His creatures and the One who determines the ways of their lives according to the guidance of the Sharia, Here Ibn Rushd questioned the validity of the claim that the Creator created the human mind to enable it to develop towards the better, but the Creator obligated His creatures to the Sharia and the law of God, whose final form was determined by jurisprudence, based on the framework that Ibn Abdullah approved for the life of man, individually and collectively, There are no empty areas in this framework that the human mind can fill except what jurisprudence allows, that is, what the men of jurisprudence allow, And as we all know, jurisprudence is nothing but a labyrinth or a dizzying thing!