There is still a great deal of misconception about secularism, which came from the West and interacted with the peoples of the region, especially in the early twentieth century, as a result of the shock of modernity, and as a result of another shock represented by Kemal Ataturk’s Ataturkism and the Turkish developments that suggested to some that secularism is the antithesis of religion and is a state of complete contradiction with religion.
No matter how diverse the forms of religion and the ways of understanding it, and no matter how diverse the forms of secularism and the ways of understanding it as a framework for social life, the truth of religion remains that it belongs to God, who is the absolute and infinite, and that He is capable of all things,And the truth of secularism, which in all its forms and manifestations means separating religion from the world, that is, separating religion from politics, which is by its nature and concerns worldly. God has His own sphere, and the relationship of man with God is a personal relationship and was not social, because the social is synonymous with the political, and therefore an affirmation that does not align with secularism, which is based on separation, that is, on the fundamental denial of any social and therefore political characteristic of religion. This does not mean that it is impossible to domesticate religion socially in special circumstances. Secularism is a way of social life and therefore is necessarily political and has no relation to individual affiliation, which is by its nature a private affiliation.
The European Renaissance was founded on secularism, and secularism now prevails in successful societies according to the standards of this era, The prevalence of backwardness in the Middle East makes the search for a framework through which progress can be made logical and possible, as there is no rational person who rejects progress, Like any new idea, secularism has been subjected to much misunderstanding, especially regarding the separation of religion from the state, Some believed that in social secularism there are no religious values, and some who are inclined towards takfir (excommunication) saw that secularism excommunicates the believer, Therefore, rejecting takfiri secularism is a project and a duty, just as secularism has a duty to fight religious takfir, Takfir in both cases is exclusion, and exclusion is one of the most abundant sources of problems.
Secularism saved religious sanctity from extinction by imbuing it with a social and economic character. It transformed the sacred into a system inherent to everyday earthly life, granting it its own sphere and autonomy within this space. By providing it with this private domain and shielding it from the fluctuations and developments of politics, secularism ensured its continued existence as sacred. In secularism, the sacred has its own distinct environment, and it has been endowed with characteristics that make it socially relevant, not merely individual. It has been transformed into a secular ethic that focuses on symbols and broad principles, avoiding the pitfalls of minutiae, This ethic extends to the details of daily life, such as clothing and offering holiday greetings to neighbors, Secularism has enabled religion, within its smaller sphere, to exert a greater influence, It has allowed religion to serve humanity and prevented humanity from becoming a servant or slave to the sacred—that is, a slave to religion, This aligns with the fundamental purpose of religion. Which is the practice of serving humanity.
The Brotherhood, with its characteristics as a state and religion without an official priesthood, stood as an obstacle to itself. No matter how sacred the political religion is as a state, this characteristic cannot be reconciled with the times. The Brotherhood rejects the priesthood officially, but it was unable to prevent anyone from becoming a sheikh, Calling the class of sheikhs “jurists” and “scholars” theoretically and formally saved the religion from the official classical priesthood, but it allowed the jurists and scholars to run amok as sheikhs and was unable to control them and did not want to control them, They turned into a very effective legal authority in practice despite its theoretical rejection, This formation increased the difficulties of the political Brotherhood adapting to secularism compared to the ease with which religion in Europe adapted to secularism.
Due to ignorance and illiteracy, the concept of secularism became confused in people’s minds, and to a greater extent, the concept of religion also became confused in people’s minds, The class or category that deals with these topics by explaining, interpreting, and promoting them to the believing public is the class of jurists in general, who reduced religion to rituals and worship, then intimidation and enticement, and reduced secularism to a system of atheism whose only concern is practicing disbelief and fighting the believers, then eliminating the believers’ hope for Paradise, which secularism abolished, as the Vatican did some time ago.
The problem was exacerbated by the difficulty of dialogue in a rigid, faith-based society that does not engage in dialogue, There is a group with a high level of modern education and Western culture, and a majority that is illiterate or has a basic, traditional education, Dialogue between these groups was difficult, and its practice was similar to the practice of a dialogue of the deaf, Therefore, spontaneous, self-social enlightenment faltered, and the simple person became attached to the religious savior, while others became more resentful of religion, accusing it of being a major reason for the alienation of the groups from each other, There is a third group that had the greatest role in distorting concepts, which is the group of traditionally religious people who trade in religion, raising religious slogans to gain legitimacy, while the behavior of this group and their lifestyle were the furthest from religion!
The essence of secularism is to transform humanity from passive to active, from mere instruments with no power, no role in life, and no stance emanating from within, to individuals with a position that enables them to reject imposed authority and possess a role in life and strength emanating from within, rather than being a person supplicating for divine will and submitting to its dictates, What secularism seeks is to create a person who is not burdened by passivity and dependency. Secularism rejects submission to what is called the rule of the unseen, which installs the tyrannical ruler and imposes obedience to him, Secularism does not acknowledge that hunger and poverty are the will of the Creator, nor does it admit that He is the one who willed the setbacks and calamities for humanity, Those who promote these ideas and concepts are religious figures who attach, or rather add, to a person another personality that contradicts their own, thus creating a dual, schizophrenic individual, lost between their own self and the fatalistic, dependent, and passive personality that has been added to them, The schizophrenic individual cannot produce a civilization or a dignified life.